Finally a moral injury definition and differentiation from PTSD I can agree with. Namely that PTSD reflects an outward view, whereas moral injury reflects an inward view. Succinctly, PTSD lacks soul.
There is also a major point that I and Jonathan Shay diverge from Litz., Et al. The divergence centers around the need of VA and clinical psychologists to pathologize symptoms of soul angst. This is revealed in Litz,’s comments regarding Ed Tick’s work, namely the no comment response regarding efficacy. Ed’s work is powerful because it brings soul back. The reading of a Greek oration to fallen warriors is powerful because it is emphatically not about filling out instruments and ticking off checklists, computing statistics, etcetera. It is about facilitating regaining the patient’s humanity.
Read the article here :
https://psmag.com/books-and-culture/beyond-ptsd-soldiers-have-injured-souls-34293